Barking up the wrong tree

BRAZIL ECONOMICS - Report 10 Feb 2025 by Alexandre Schwartsman, Cristina Pinotti and Diego Brandao

The government's recent efforts to reduce food and beverage prices suggest that it believes inflation exceeding the upper limit of the target range and its acceleration are consequences of higher food prices.

However, as we discuss below, a significant portion of the deterioration results from price increases in components sensitive to both the output gap and exchange rate pass-through, which, in turn, reflect macroeconomic fundamentals, requiring a more contractionary monetary policy along with a more austere fiscal policy. Thus, policies aimed at moderating the impact of food prices address symptoms rather than the causes of the inflationary process.

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